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Summary

Winston Smith, a low-ranking functionary in the totalitarian state of Oceania, begins a forbidden rebellion against the Party's absolute control over truth, history, and language. Big Brother watches everything, the Thought Police punish every deviation, and the Ministry of Truth rewrites the past to match whatever the Party needs to be true. Orwell's novel is the defining literary nightmare of surveillance culture, language as a tool of control, and the erasure of individual reality under political power.